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In the mathematical field of analysis, uniform convergence is a type of convergence stronger than pointwise convergence. A sequence } of functions converges uniformly to a limiting function if the speed of convergence of to does not depend on . The concept is important because several properties of the functions , such as continuity and Riemann integrability, are transferred to the limit if the convergence is uniform, but not necessarily if the convergence is not. Uniform convergence to a function on a given interval can be defined in terms of the uniform norm. == History == In 1821 Augustin Louis Cauchy published a proof that a convergent sum of continuous functions is always continuous, to which Niels Henrik Abel in 1826 found purported counterexamples in the context of Fourier series, arguing that Cauchy's proof had to be incorrect. Completely standard notions of convergence did not exist at the time, and Cauchy handled convergence using infinitesimal methods. When put into the modern language, what Cauchy proved is that a uniformly convergent sequence of continuous functions has a continuous limit. The failure of a merely pointwise-convergent limit of continuous functions to converge to a continuous function illustrates the importance of distinguishing between different types of convergence when handling sequences of functions. The term uniform convergence was probably first used by Christoph Gudermann, in an 1838 paper on elliptic functions, where he employed the phrase "convergence in a uniform way" when the "mode of convergence" of a series is independent of the variables and While he thought it a "remarkable fact" when a series converged in this way, he did not give a formal definition, nor use the property in any of his proofs. Later Gudermann's pupil Karl Weierstrass, who attended his course on elliptic functions in 1839–1840, coined the term ''gleichmäßig konvergent'' ((ドイツ語:uniformly convergent)) which he used in his 1841 paper ''Zur Theorie der Potenzreihen'', published in 1894. Independently a similar concept was used by Philipp Ludwig von Seidel and George Gabriel Stokes but without having any major impact on further development. G. H. Hardy compares the three definitions in his paper "Sir George Stokes and the concept of uniform convergence" and remarks: "Weierstrass's discovery was the earliest, and he alone fully realized its far-reaching importance as one of the fundamental ideas of analysis." Under the influence of Weierstrass and Bernhard Riemann this concept and related questions were intensely studied at the end of the 19th century by Hermann Hankel, Paul du Bois-Reymond, Ulisse Dini, Cesare Arzelà and others. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Uniform convergence」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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